Wednesday, 10 June 2015
Friday, 13 March 2015
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR UNDER GRADUATES.
LEGAL PROCEDURE:
1. Inquest, types of inquest?
2. Subpoena (or) Summons?
3. Conduct money?
4. Dying declaration?
5. Perjury?
MEDICAL LAW AND ETHICS:
1. Functions of Indian Medical Council?
2. Functions of State Medical Council?
3. Infamous conduct (or) Professional Misconduct?
4. Red cross emblem?
5. Professional secrecy?
6. Privileged communication?
7. Differences between Civil and Criminal Negligence?
8. Consent?
9. Duties of RMP? (ESSAY)
IDENTIFICATION:
1. Corpus delicti?
2. Cephalic index?
3. Gustafson's method?
4. Finger print system (or) Dactylography (or) Galton Henry system (or) Dermatoglyphics? (ESSAY)
5. Skull photo superimposition?
MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSY:
1. Primary skin incisions?
2. Techniques of removal of organs?
3. Virtopsy?
4. Psychological autopsy?
5. Preservation of Viscera?
6. Exhumation?
7. Types of autopsy?
DEATH AND ITS CAUSE:
1. Thanatology, Types of Death?
2. Harvard criteria for declaration of Brain Death?
3. Negative autopsy?
4. Obscure autopsy?
5. Vaso-vagal shock?
6. Sudden death?
POSTMORTEM CHANGES:
1. Suspended animation?
2. Signs of death and write in detail about Algor Mortis (or) Livor Mortis (or) Rigor Mortis
(or) Decomposition? (ESSAY)
3. Postmortem caloricity?
4. Instantaneous rigor (or) Cadaveric spasm?
5. Adipocere (or) Saponification?
6. Mummification?
MECHANICAL INJURIES:
1. Define Injury, Classify the Injuries, write in detail about Lacerations (or) Incised wounds
(or) Stab wounds? (ESSAY)
2. Types of Abrasions?
3. Contusion?
4. Differences between Incised, Lacerated, Stab wound?
5. Shotgun cartridge?
6. Rifle cartridge?
7. Types of Gun powder?
8. Ricochet bullet?
9. Differences between Entry and exit bullet wound?
REGIONAL INJURIES:
1. Types of Skull fractures?
2. Coup and Contrecoup lesions?
3. Lucid interval?
4. Extra dural, Sub-dural & Sub-arachnoid haemorrhages?
5. Whiplash injury?
6. Railway spine?
7. Seat belt syndrome?
MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF WOUNDS:
1. 304(A) IPC?
2. 304(B) IPC?
3. 320 IPC?
4. Causes of death from wounds?
5. Differences between Antemortem and Postmortem wounds?
THERMAL DEATHS:
1. Rule of NINE?
2. Causes and PM appearances in cases of burns? (ESSAY)
3. Heat rupture?
4. Heat haematoma?
5. Joule burn?
6. Filigree (or) Arborescent burns?
1. Inquest, types of inquest?
2. Subpoena (or) Summons?
3. Conduct money?
4. Dying declaration?
5. Perjury?
MEDICAL LAW AND ETHICS:
1. Functions of Indian Medical Council?
2. Functions of State Medical Council?
3. Infamous conduct (or) Professional Misconduct?
4. Red cross emblem?
5. Professional secrecy?
6. Privileged communication?
7. Differences between Civil and Criminal Negligence?
8. Consent?
9. Duties of RMP? (ESSAY)
IDENTIFICATION:
1. Corpus delicti?
2. Cephalic index?
3. Gustafson's method?
4. Finger print system (or) Dactylography (or) Galton Henry system (or) Dermatoglyphics? (ESSAY)
5. Skull photo superimposition?
MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSY:
1. Primary skin incisions?
2. Techniques of removal of organs?
3. Virtopsy?
4. Psychological autopsy?
5. Preservation of Viscera?
6. Exhumation?
7. Types of autopsy?
DEATH AND ITS CAUSE:
1. Thanatology, Types of Death?
2. Harvard criteria for declaration of Brain Death?
3. Negative autopsy?
4. Obscure autopsy?
5. Vaso-vagal shock?
6. Sudden death?
POSTMORTEM CHANGES:
1. Suspended animation?
2. Signs of death and write in detail about Algor Mortis (or) Livor Mortis (or) Rigor Mortis
(or) Decomposition? (ESSAY)
3. Postmortem caloricity?
4. Instantaneous rigor (or) Cadaveric spasm?
5. Adipocere (or) Saponification?
6. Mummification?
MECHANICAL INJURIES:
1. Define Injury, Classify the Injuries, write in detail about Lacerations (or) Incised wounds
(or) Stab wounds? (ESSAY)
2. Types of Abrasions?
3. Contusion?
4. Differences between Incised, Lacerated, Stab wound?
5. Shotgun cartridge?
6. Rifle cartridge?
7. Types of Gun powder?
8. Ricochet bullet?
9. Differences between Entry and exit bullet wound?
REGIONAL INJURIES:
1. Types of Skull fractures?
2. Coup and Contrecoup lesions?
3. Lucid interval?
4. Extra dural, Sub-dural & Sub-arachnoid haemorrhages?
5. Whiplash injury?
6. Railway spine?
7. Seat belt syndrome?
MEDICO-LEGAL ASPECTS OF WOUNDS:
1. 304(A) IPC?
2. 304(B) IPC?
3. 320 IPC?
4. Causes of death from wounds?
5. Differences between Antemortem and Postmortem wounds?
THERMAL DEATHS:
1. Rule of NINE?
2. Causes and PM appearances in cases of burns? (ESSAY)
3. Heat rupture?
4. Heat haematoma?
5. Joule burn?
6. Filigree (or) Arborescent burns?
Saturday, 7 February 2015
VIVA QUESTIONS OF FOETAL CERTIFICATE.
1. Developing ovum: first 7-10 days after conception, i.e., until the implantation oocurs.
Embryo: from one week to the end of 8th week.
Foetus: after 8th week to up to birth.
Neonate: up to 28 days after birth.
Infant: up to 1 year after birth.
2. How will you estimate the gestational age of the foetus?
A. Gestational age can be determined from maturation of chorionic villi; foot length and
ossification centres.
3. What is Lanugo hair?
A. Body hair of newlyborn child is called Lanugo hair, which is fine, soft, non-pigmented
(colourless) and non-medullated. This Lanugo hair is replaced by hair which is coarser,
pigmented, medullated.
4. What is Meconium?
A. Meconium is the green, acidic viscid substance consisting of thickened bile and mucus.
The meconium is completely excreted from large intestine in the first 24-48 hours after birth.
5. Rule of HAASE: This is a method of calculating the age of the foetus. During the first
five months of pregnancy the square root of the length gives the approx. age of the foetus.
eg: a foetus of 9 cm is 3 months.
Hasse's Modification of Morrison's Law: During the last five months, the length in cm
divided by five gives the age in months.
eg: foetus of 40 cm is 8 months.
6. Ossification centres:
4-5 weeks - in Clavicle (1st ossification centre that appear in a foetus)
6 weeks - in Maxilla.
5th month - Calcaneus
7th month - Talus
9th month - Cuboid (pnemonic: Cal T C - 5, 7, 9 months)
Note: To see this centres, an incision is made between the interspace of 3rd and 4th toes.
Sternum: 4 centres for body (5,7,7 and 10th month)
1 centre for manubrium (5th month).
Lower end of Femur and upper end of Tibia: at birth. (to see that incision made on knee joint).
7. Define Viability of the infant?
A. Viability means the physical ability of a foetus to lead a separate existence after birth apart
from its mother, by virtue of certain degree of development. A child is viable after 210 days
of intrauterine life.
8. Define Livebirth?
A. Livebirth means that the child showed signs of life when only part of the child was out of
mother, though the child may not have breathed or completely born. The causing of death
of such child is regarded as homicide.
9. Define Stillbirth?
A. 1. A stillborn child is one, which is born after 28th week of pregnancy, and which did not
breathe or show any other signs of life, at any time after being completely born.
2. The child was alive in utero, but dies during the process of birth.
3. common cause is Pre-maturity.
10. Define Deadbirth?
A. 1. A dead born child is one which has died in utero.
2. shows one of the following signs after it is completely born (3 M's)
a) Rigor Mortis at delivery
b) Maceration (aseptic autolysis)
c) Mummification.
11. Spalding's sign?
A. Loss of alignment and overriding of the cranial vault occur due to shrinkage of the cerebrum
after death of the foetus.
12. Vagitus uterinus: Breathing of child, while it is in the womb, after the rupture of membranes.
Vagitus vaginalis: Breathing of child, while its head iis in the vagina, after the rupture of
membranes.
13. Robert's sign?
A. Gas in the great vessels (aorta in 12 hours) of foetus indicates foetal death.
14. Also read
a) Hydrostatic test (Raygat's test)
b) Static test (Fodere's test)
c) Ploucquet's test.
d) Breslau's second life test (stomach-bowel test)
e) Wredin's test.
f) Difference between cephalohaematoma and caput succedaneum.
g) Acts of commission and acts of omission.
15. Battered baby syndrome (Caffey's syndrome)
Sudden infant death syndrome.
Munchausen's syndrome.
Monday, 2 February 2015
VIVA QUESTIONS OF WOUND CERTIFICATE.
1. Injury?
A. Section 44 IPC defines injury as, any illegal harm caused to any person in body, mind,
reputation or property.
2. Wound?
A. Wound is a break of the natural continuity of any of the tissues of the living body.
3. Difference between Injury and Wound?
A. Injury is a legal term, where as Wound is a medical term.
4. Define HURT?
A. Section 319 IPC defines Hurt as, bodily pain, disease or infirmity caused to any person.
Note: Infirmity is any inability of an organ to perform usual function, which may be temporary
or permanent.
5. Grievous hurt?
A. Any of the following injuries are grievous.
1. Emasculation - means depriving a male of masculine vigour.
2. Permanent privation of sight of either eye.
3. Permanent privation of hearing of either ear.
4. Privation of any member or joint.
Note: 'member' means an organ (or) limb being part of man capable of performing
a distinct function. eg: eyes, ears, nose, mouth, hands, feet, etc.
5. Destruction (or) permanent impairing of the powers of any member or joint.
6. Permanent dis-figuration of the head (or) face.
7. Fracture (or) dislocation of a bone (or) tooth.
8. Any hurt (a) which endangers life, or
(b) which cause the victim to be in severe bodily pain for a period of 20 days, or
(c) in which the person is unable to follow ordinary pursuits for a period of 20 days.
6. Classify Injuries?
A. i) Medical- a) mechanical
b) thermal injuries
c) chemical
d) physical
e) explosions.
ii) Legal - a) simple & b) grievous.
iii) Medicolegal - a) suicide
b) homicide
c) accident
d) fabricated
e) self-inflicted
f) defence.
7. Classify mechanical injuries?
A. due to blunt force: a) abrasion
b) contusion
c) laceration
d) fractures & dislocations.
due to sharp force: a) incised wounds
b) chop wounds
c) stab wounds.
due to firearms: a) firearm wounds
b) blast injuries.
8. What is clevage lines of Langer?
A. 1. Langer lines are the clevage lines in the dermal layers of the skin are mostly arranged
inparallel rows.
2. In the extremeties they run longitudinally. In the neck and trunk they run circumferentially.
3. The shape of the wound usually corresponds to the weapon used. But the shape of the
wound differs on different parts of the body based on the clevage lines of Langer.
4. If a stab wound which cuts through the clevage lines transversely or obliquely will gape
in the centre due to traction of fibres on opposite side.
5. If a stab wound which cuts parallel to clevage lines, gaping is less.
A. Section 44 IPC defines injury as, any illegal harm caused to any person in body, mind,
reputation or property.
2. Wound?
A. Wound is a break of the natural continuity of any of the tissues of the living body.
3. Difference between Injury and Wound?
A. Injury is a legal term, where as Wound is a medical term.
4. Define HURT?
A. Section 319 IPC defines Hurt as, bodily pain, disease or infirmity caused to any person.
Note: Infirmity is any inability of an organ to perform usual function, which may be temporary
or permanent.
5. Grievous hurt?
A. Any of the following injuries are grievous.
1. Emasculation - means depriving a male of masculine vigour.
2. Permanent privation of sight of either eye.
3. Permanent privation of hearing of either ear.
4. Privation of any member or joint.
Note: 'member' means an organ (or) limb being part of man capable of performing
a distinct function. eg: eyes, ears, nose, mouth, hands, feet, etc.
5. Destruction (or) permanent impairing of the powers of any member or joint.
6. Permanent dis-figuration of the head (or) face.
7. Fracture (or) dislocation of a bone (or) tooth.
8. Any hurt (a) which endangers life, or
(b) which cause the victim to be in severe bodily pain for a period of 20 days, or
(c) in which the person is unable to follow ordinary pursuits for a period of 20 days.
6. Classify Injuries?
A. i) Medical- a) mechanical
b) thermal injuries
c) chemical
d) physical
e) explosions.
ii) Legal - a) simple & b) grievous.
iii) Medicolegal - a) suicide
b) homicide
c) accident
d) fabricated
e) self-inflicted
f) defence.
7. Classify mechanical injuries?
A. due to blunt force: a) abrasion
b) contusion
c) laceration
d) fractures & dislocations.
due to sharp force: a) incised wounds
b) chop wounds
c) stab wounds.
due to firearms: a) firearm wounds
b) blast injuries.
8. What is clevage lines of Langer?
A. 1. Langer lines are the clevage lines in the dermal layers of the skin are mostly arranged
inparallel rows.
2. In the extremeties they run longitudinally. In the neck and trunk they run circumferentially.
3. The shape of the wound usually corresponds to the weapon used. But the shape of the
wound differs on different parts of the body based on the clevage lines of Langer.
4. If a stab wound which cuts through the clevage lines transversely or obliquely will gape
in the centre due to traction of fibres on opposite side.
5. If a stab wound which cuts parallel to clevage lines, gaping is less.
Tuesday, 20 January 2015
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, 2nd MBBS Forensic Medicine Question paper, 2015.
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka
2nd MBBS Degree Examination
Forensic Medicine
Time: 3 HOURS Max. Marks: 100 Marks
LONG ESSAYS (2 x 10 = 20 marks)
1. Define Infamous Conduct. Explain with suitable examples. Mention how State Medical Council
takes disciplinary action for Infamous Conduct.
2. Define and classify Hanging. Describe the postmortem findings in a death due to Hanging.
SHORT ESSAYS (10 x 5 = 50 marks)
3. Universal antidote.
4. Hallucination.
5. Mc Naughten's Rule.
6. Difference between Strychnine poisoning and Tetanus.
7. Botulism.
8. Cocainism.
9. Sec. 354 IPC.
10. Artificial Insemination.
11. Exhumation.
12. Obscure autopsy.
SHORT ANSWERS (10 x 3 = 30 marks)
13. Super fecundation.
14. Types of Hymen.
15. Tribadism.
16. Positive signs of Pregnancy.
17. Lochia.
18. Rule of Nine.
19. Truth serum drugs.
20. Hazards of blood transfusion.
21. Rigor Mortis.
22. Locard's exchange principle.
2nd MBBS Degree Examination
Forensic Medicine
Time: 3 HOURS Max. Marks: 100 Marks
LONG ESSAYS (2 x 10 = 20 marks)
1. Define Infamous Conduct. Explain with suitable examples. Mention how State Medical Council
takes disciplinary action for Infamous Conduct.
2. Define and classify Hanging. Describe the postmortem findings in a death due to Hanging.
SHORT ESSAYS (10 x 5 = 50 marks)
3. Universal antidote.
4. Hallucination.
5. Mc Naughten's Rule.
6. Difference between Strychnine poisoning and Tetanus.
7. Botulism.
8. Cocainism.
9. Sec. 354 IPC.
10. Artificial Insemination.
11. Exhumation.
12. Obscure autopsy.
SHORT ANSWERS (10 x 3 = 30 marks)
13. Super fecundation.
14. Types of Hymen.
15. Tribadism.
16. Positive signs of Pregnancy.
17. Lochia.
18. Rule of Nine.
19. Truth serum drugs.
20. Hazards of blood transfusion.
21. Rigor Mortis.
22. Locard's exchange principle.
Tuesday, 9 December 2014
MASOCHISM.
- Masochism can be defined as getting or increasing sexual gratification by the suffering of pain (passive algolagnia)
- This term is derived from the name of Leopold von Sacher-masoch, an Austrian novelist.
- Being whipped by his wife used to be a stimulant for his literary work.
Picture of Leopold von Sacher-masoch (1836-1895).
- This condition is the opposite of Sadism.
- Masochists get pleasure from being beaten, abused, tortured, humiliated, enslaved, degraded or dominated by their sexual partner, and they tend to place themselves repeatedly in self-defeating situations.
- It is usually found in males but it may be found in females, who may willingly expose themselves to the risks of severe bodily injury or murder at the hands of brutal husbands or lovers.
- Sadism (Active algolagnia) and Masochism (Passive algolagnia) usually found as a combination with one type dominant over the other. The combining of these practices is called "BONDAGE".
- They are found in all age groups and in all socio-economic levels.
Thursday, 4 December 2014
Dr.NTR UHS, SECOND M.B.B.S FORENSIC MEDICINE January,2014 Question Paper
M.B.B.S. DEGREE EXAMINATION-JANUARY, 2014
SECOND M.B.B.S. EXAMINATION
FORENSIC MEDICINE
Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40
Answer all questions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Enumerate various types of violent asphyxial deaths. What are the post-mortem
appearances of a typical case of suicidal hanging? (3+7=10)
WRITE SHORT NOTES ON: (5x4=20)
2. Privileged communication.
3. Post-mortem hypostasis.
4. Plumbism.
5. Primary impact injuries.
6. Primary skin incisions for opening the body during autopsy.
WRITE BRIEFLY ON: (5x2=10)
7. Mc Ewan's sign.
8. Magnan's symptom.
9. Mc Naughton rule.
10. Maceration of foetus.
11. Mention contraindications of gastric lavage.